This table outlines some typical characteristics of each of the governance models discussed. Some characteristics may vary from case to case.
| Free-Market Model |
Nationalised Model |
Quasi Nationalised Model |
Transport Community Model |
Franchising Model |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Strategic Planning |
Private operators |
Government | Government | Government | Government |
| Tactical Planning |
Private operators |
Government | Government | Public Planning Agency |
Private operators |
| Operational Planning |
Private operators |
Government | Private operators |
Public or private operators |
Private operators |
| Government Role | None | ‘Turnkey’ Provider |
Planner and Contractee |
Planner and Contractee |
Regulator |
| Operating Contract Type | None | In-house Provision |
Fee-for-service / ‘Gross cost’ |
Fee-for-service / ‘Gross cost’ |
Franchise / ‘Net cost’ |
| Governing Institution Type | None | Government Department or Statutory Corporation |
Government Department | Statutory Corporation | Government Department |
| Oversight | Private shareholders |
Commissioners or Department Head |
Department Head | Independent Board | Department Head / Private shareholders |
| Examples | Bangkok | Sydney, Adelaide, many US cities | Melbourne buses | Zurich, Hamburg, Vancouver, Toronto, Gothenberg, London, Perth, Brisbane (2008) | UK regions, Melbourne trains/trams |